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_*2020 IJMB IRS ANSWERS*_
_*SECTION A*_
(2)
ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما ، عن رسول الله صلى الله علية وسلم فيما يرويه عن ربه تبارك وتعالى ، قال : ( إن الله تعالى كتب الحسنات والسيئات ، ثم بين ذلك ، فمن هم بحسنة فلم يعملها كتبها الله عنده حسنة كاملة ، وإن هم بها فعملها كتبها الله تعالى عنده عشر حسنات إلى سبعمائة ضعف إلى أضعاف كثيرة ، وإن هم بسيئة فلم يعملها كتبها الله عنده حسنة كاملة ، وإن هم بها فعملها كتبها الله عنده سيئة واحدة ).
رواه البخاري [ رقم : 6491 ] ومسلم [ رقم : 131 ] في ( صحيحيهما ) بهذه الحروف
*TRANSLATION*
Verily Allah ta’alaa 3Arabic to English translation meaning, Almighty. has written down the Good deeds and the Evil deeds, and then explained it [by saying] : Whosoever intended to perform a Good deed, but did not do it, then Allah writes it down with Himself as a complete Good deed. And if he intended to perform it and then did perform it, then Allah writes it down with Himself as from ten Good deeds upto seven hundred times, upto many times multiplied. And if he intended to perform an Evil deed, but did not do it, then Allah writes it down with Him as a complete Good deed. And if he intended it [ie. the evil deed] and then performed it, then Allah writes it down as one Evil deed.
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Abu Dawood was born in 202 AH (817 AD) and died in 275 AH (888 AD). He was born in Sistan but he traveled to many countries of the Islamic world, as was the case with the scholars of this era. Most scholars sought a journey of learning and knowledge. Thus, he visited Egypt, Syria, Iraq and Khorasan.
During his travels to Basra, Kufa, Damascus, Baghdad, Balkh and other cities, Abu Dawood compiled many Hadiths from different sources, primarily from al Bukhari.
*“Sunan” Abu Dawud*
Imam Abu Dawud completed his famous book "Sunan", and presented it to Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal, who admired it.
His book is not limited to the three types of Hadith; the Sahih (referenced), but also included the Hassan (accepted), Da’eef (weak), as well as the probable and the controversial.
He ended up compiling 4800 Hadiths from the 500 thousand Hadiths he initially collected.
In his book, he took care of all the Hadiths that the scholars had quoted and discussed among them which later turned into the Hadith of directives. It is mentioned that he only cared about the Hadiths of directives and did not include the Hadiths of self-discipline and virtues.
The book of Sunan of Abu Dawud is arranged in the form of volumes. It includes 1871 volumes divided into 35 books. It counted the Hadiths of the prophet, the companions and the affiliated scholars.
About his book, he said: “In my book, I sought to explain the flaws in the Hadith Da’eef (the weak Hadith), but if I didn’t explain anything, the Hadith is valid.”
Explanations of Sunan
A number of scholars wrote interpretive books of Sunan Abu Dawud including: “The landmarks of the Sunan” by Abi Suleiman Al-Khattabi, who died in 388 AH, “Explanations” by al-Suyuti who passed away in 911 AH, and “Clarifications” by al-Sandi who passed away 1138 AH.
*Other works*
Abu Dawood has many other “non-Sunan” manuscripts, which show the diversity of his knowledge and ability, including: “Al-Masahef”, “Al-Arqam”, al-Marsil ma’a Al-Assanid,” “Al –nasekh w “Al-Mansoukh”, “Al-Salawat,” “Al-Zohd,” “Alamat Al Nobwa”, and many more.
*His death*
Abu Dawood died in the city of Basra in the year 275 AH after a life full of knowledge and commitment, which made him a striking example in adhering to the prophetic Sunnah (way of life) at work.
His son Abu Bakr walked in his father’s footsteps following the same school of thought.
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