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OBJECTIVES<script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-1601218559725390"crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
THEORY
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SOLUTION
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(1a)
Political socialization is the process of acquisition and transmission of political knowledge and value by individuals from one generation to another.
(1b)
(i) Population.
(ii) Territory.
(iii) Sovereignty.
(iv) Government .
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(2)
(Pick Any Five)
(i)Constitutional division of power: Powers are constitutionally shared between the central authority and other component units.
(ii)Written and Rigid: The constitution adopted was written and rigid.
(iii)Powers derived from the constitution: The three tiers of government derived their powers from the constitution.
(iv)Supremacy of the constitution: There was the supremacy of the constitution.
(v)Separation of power: The constitution separated functions and personnel among the three organs of government ie executive,legislature and the judiciary.
(vi)Bi cameral legislature : There was bicameral legislature eg senate and house of representative.
(vii)Supreme court: It had the power of judicial review and interpretation.
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(3a)
Public corporation means an entity that is created by the state to carry out public missions and services. In order to carry out these public missions and services, a public corporation participates in activities or provides services that are also provided by private enterprise.
(3b)
(i) Judicial Control or Court Order:
The court can declare an act made by a corporation illegal or unconstitutional. This is done when the corporation is breaching the Act upon which it was set up.
(ii) Auditing:
The accounts of public corporations are always audited by a body of auditors set up by legislature.
(iii) Approval of Loans and Expenditure:
The minister approves any loan to be taken and also the major expenditures.
(iv) Acts of Parliament:
The powers of the corporations are situated in the Acts passed by legislature.
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(5)
(Pick Any Five)
(i)Law:This is an important condition to the liberty of an individual.
(ii)Democracy: Under democracy political power is with the masses and so freedom is guaranteed.
(iii)power distribution:when powers are decentralized, more likely,men will be zealous for freedom.
(iv)vigilance: This is a sure safeguard vyo freedom.This means that citizens are alert and ready to fight any unreasonable interferences with their rights.
(v)independence of the judiciary: The essential of this to freedom of the individual cannot be underestimated. The judiciary and judges should be free from the interference of the executive and legislature.
(vi)Fundamental human rights: It is usually entrenched in a written constitution ,embodying the civil and political rights of the citizens and placing some limitations on the powers of those in government.
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*(NUMBER 6)*
*(Choose Any Five)*
(i)Shortage of fund:The involvement of this organization in large scale operation affects its financial resources. This has created over time,shortage of funds.
(ii)sovereignty of nation: The U.N.O cannot effectively enforce its decision because member states are not ready to surrender their sovereignty to the authority of the organization.
(iii)The veto power: Each of the five permanent members of the security council has a veto power. This could be used at times to satisfy their selfish interest at the expense of fulfilling the objectives of the organization.
(iv)poverty: The inability of the united nation to effectively address the issue of poverty among member states.
(v)Revolution of conflicts: Inability of U.N.O to resolve conflicts among some member nation e.g Israel.
(vi)Difference in ideology: There difference in ideology ,culture, politics and methods used in pursuing economic goal.This may negate the evolution of lasting peace in the world.
*Q8(a)* *Features of the 1924 constitution in Sierra Leone.*
Ans
i. It introduced the elective principle and for the first time, the people of Freetown and its environs elected their own representatives.
ii. It made provisions for political participation of the chiefs and educated Africans from the whole country in the central government.
iii. It increased African representation in the legislative council to eight members.
iv. The executive council was made up of the Governor and senior European officials.
v. It gave recognition to the system of Indirect Rule.
vi. The Governor had the powers of prerogative of mercy.
vii. It authorizes the Governor to grant land on application.
9)
1) The constitution is not a product of any constitutional conference. It was hurriedly prepared by the outgoing military government of General Abdulsalam Abubakar. Thus, many Nigerians continue to criticize it and see it more as a military constitution than the civilian constitution.
2.The constitution fails to define the roles of the traditional rulers in government
3.The constitution is not clear on the functions and creation of the local governments. This makes local governments to be at the mercy of the other governments. Then, this issue of creation of more local governments has been a major source of conflict between states and federal governments. A classical example was Lagos vs Federal Government during Obasanjo's administration.
4.The exclusive list is too bogus. It makes the federal government to be too dominant, while the states and local governments become unnecessarily dependent on the centre.
5.Powers of the President are too much. This makes some presidents to abuse the office and disregard the powers of the other organs.
*10a*
*Pick any three*
1. no centralized administration;
2. the compound was the unit of administration;
3. absence of formal political institutions;
4.fusion of religious, judicial and political functions in governance;
5. significant position of the age-grades;
6. the family heads played important role in the administration of the village;
7. title holders (Ozo title) played significant role in the traditional political system;
8. decisions were reached by consensus;
9. succession to leadership was not hereditary but based on achievement;
10. there was the principle of checks and balances.
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