SIERRA LEONE
THEORY
SOLUTIONS
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*QUESTION 6*
*(1) Right from the start, the natives detested the presence of missionaries in their midst. The natives realized that missionary teachings undermined their institution by imposing foreign culture upon them. Apart from their opposition to native customs of sacrifice, fetish and polygamy, some missionaries identified themselves with the colonialists by asking the people to pay the house tax. As a result of this, so many people began to hate them. Missionary activity therefore played a part in fomenting trouble in the protectorate.*
*(2)The abolition of the slave trade was another source of resentment. This tended to upset the economy as chiefs had relied heavily on slave labour for farm work and for transportation of their goods to buying centres. The abolition directly undermined the economic basis of chiefly authority. A.C Fyfe puts it “The slaves of whose labour they depended were no longer under their control*
*(3) Another cause that added salt to injury was the New Land Regulation. The colonial administration gave itself the right to exploit minerals and control what was considered to be wasted land. The concept of waste land was unknown in traditional land law. Rumours that the government was planning to take the land from the people became powerful and widespread. This inflamed the grievances of the natives.*
*(4) The attitude of Cardew was no less a factor. Governor Cardew was a self-assuming man who underrated the response of the people. He failed to educate the people in the interior about the importance of the tax and moreover, did not listen to the advice of Creole officials in Freetown. The people on the other hand regarded the tax as a symbol of colonialism. Cardew acted much against public opinion. There was therefore, a big communication gap between what Cardew suggested and the situation on the ground. Governor Cardew maintained that the people had a moral and legal obligation to pay for their administration and protection.*
*(5) The most immediate cause of the war was the imposition of the House tax proposed by Governor Cardew. The protectorate people did not like to be taxed by an alien administration especially one that had not conquered them. They believed that taxation on their houses implied rent and therefore on right to ownership. In his report, Lord David Chalmers observed that the tax, and the measures by which it was collected were the moving cause of the rebellion. The tax was obnoxious to the customs and feeling of the people, and had been enforced by disastrously inappropriate means. He added that the tax was higher than what the people can afford.*
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*Question 9*
*9a*
*(i) Sierra Leone*
*(ii) Ghana*
*(iii) Nigeria*
*9b*
*(1) As a member of the UN, Sierra Leone has endeavoured to meet her financial commitments to the organization which has been used to finance UN projects and execute its social and economic plans. She has been paying her dues since she joined the organization in 1961, though these dues are sometimes delayed because of her limited financial resources, mismanagements, corruption and the decade rebel war.*
*(2)Sierra Leone has helped in the provision of erudite and qualified personnel who have served the organization with remarkable efficiency and diligence. Prominent Sierra Leoneans like Dr. James Jonah who became deputy Secretary General, our former president, Dr. Ahmad Tejan Kabba, Dr. Davidson Nicol, Dr. Kerefa Smart, Dr. Jim Fornah. They equally contributed in their own little way to the UN. Qualified Sierra Leoneans have not only served at the local office in Freetown, but some have held senior positions at the headquarters in New York as well as within its agencies.*
*(3) During the Apartheid days in South Africa, Sierra Leone was among other countries that stood firm to call for the decolonization of Africa. She believed that many of the refuge problems in Southern Africa emanated from the persistent racial discrimination in that region. She therefore called on the UN at various conferences to help bring this odious practice to immediate end in the entire Southern Africa.*
*(4) Sierra Leone like many other countries, has always helped in the enforcement of sanctions imposed by the UN on countries that had failed to comply with its policies.*
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NIGERIA AND GAMBIA
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