*IJMB PHYSICS*
physics
number 1a
Fundamental quantities, also known as base quantities or fundamental physical quantities, are the basic measurable properties in a system of measurement. These quantities cannot be defined in terms of other quantities and serve as the foundation for deriving other derived quantities.
Here are three examples of fundamental quantities along with their units in the International System of Units (SI):
1. Length: The fundamental quantity representing the extent of a one-dimensional space.
Unit: Meter (m)
2. Mass: The fundamental quantity representing the amount of matter in an object.
Unit: Kilogram (kg)
3. Time: The fundamental quantity representing the duration or sequence of events.
Unit: Second (s)
It's worth noting that the selection of fundamental quantities may vary depending on the system of measurement being used. The SI system is the most widely used international system and forms the basis for scientific and technical measurements.
physics number 2
(a) When the lift is stationary, the reading on the spring balance will be equal to the weight of the object, which is the force exerted by gravity on the object.
The weight (force due to gravity) can be calculated using the formula:
Weight = mass * acceleration due to gravity
In SI units, the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s².
Weight = 6 kg * 9.8 m/s² = 58.8 N
Therefore, the reading on the spring balance when the lift is stationary will be 58.8 Newtons.
(b) When the lift is moving with an acceleration of 0.3 m/s² upwards, we need to consider the additional force acting on the object due to the lift's acceleration.
The net force acting on the object in this case will be the sum of its weight (force due to gravity) and the force caused by the lift's acceleration.
Net force = Weight + Force due to acceleration
Weight = 6 kg * 9.8 m/s² = 58.8 N
Force due to acceleration = mass * acceleration
Force due to acceleration = 6 kg * 0.3 m/s² = 1.8 N
Net force = 58.8 N + 1.8 N = 60.6 N
Therefore, the reading on the spring balance when the lift is moving upwards with an acceleration of 0.3 m/s² will be 60.6 Newtons.
(c) If the lift cable breaks and the lift falls freely under gravity, the object will experience weightlessness or zero apparent weight. This is because both the object and the spring balance will fall with the same acceleration due to gravity.
In this scenario, the reading on the spring balance will be zero Newtons since there is no upward force acting on the object.
Please note that this assumes ideal conditions and neglects any air resistance or other external forces that might affect the actual motion of the falling lift.
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